Lucozade Essay Example

Lucozade Paper 1: Introduction This report will fundamentally be examining the promoting methodology, position and the showcasing blend utilized by LUCOZADE and the utilization of certain standards. Consequently, the investigation will assist with distinguishing how brand is situated in the caffeinated drinks market and how organization advances its item. In the wake of breaking down existing showcasing procedures, prescribed future methodologies will be offered to guidance organizations of where the brands are prompting and how they will arrive. 1. 1 Company Introduction LUCOZADE A drug specialist in Newcastle planned Lucozade in 1927. He planned an effectively edible glucose drink that could help recuperation from ailment by furnishing them with vitality when they didn't want to eat food. In 1938 the brand was purchased by Beecham and was circulated across the country, before long getting famous the nation over as a confided in image of recuperation. In any case, by the 1970s there was a diminishing job for Lucozade in people’s lives as everyone became more beneficial as the rate of disease turned out to be less continuous. Thus, deals of Lucozade started to drop. An underlying brand repositioning, which remained established in wellbeing and recuperation, looked to position Lucozade as a solid supplier of vitality to assist individuals with recouping from the common day by day hushes in vitality they may endure during the day. It was in 1982 that the most huge and fruitful re-situating occurred. ‘Aids recovery’ was expelled from the container and was supplanted with ‘Replaces lost energy’. Lucozade turned into a brand that could give vivacious, occupied and fruitful individuals with the vitality they expected to perform to their maximum capacity. We will compose a custom exposition test on Lucozade explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Lucozade explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Lucozade explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer In 1990 the Lucozade brand differentiated further with the dispatch of Lucozade Sport, a scope of isotonic games drinks. In offset with your normal body liquids, the brand vowed to ‘get to your thirst, fast’. All the more as of late, Lucozade Sport Hydro Active was propelled in 2003. 1. 2 Report Summary The destinations of this report for LUCOZADE are: 1. To show how Lucozade builds up its advertising technique and recognize the standards and procedures included. 2. To portray the devices and strategies used to deliver a key advertising plan and show obviously how these have been applied. 3. To explore whether Lucozade utilized alternative age and assessment in building up the key promoting plan. 4. To create and deliver a composed vital showcasing plan for Lucozade. Segment 2: Red Bull’s Marketing Strategy The UK all out virus drinks showcase is enormous and serious, with numerous amazing and well known brands with huge advertising financial plans vieing for share. Subsequently, the market can be an ever-developing test for brands that desire to keep on developing in a classification that is presently worth ? 3. 55 billion. Inside the virus drinks showcase, increments in the soda pops class have been easing back. Be that as it may, development has been driven extensively by the Energy drink part, which merited an expected ? 940 million out of 2006 and has developed +26% since 2003. (Source: Mintel Energy Stimulant beverages Market Report August 2006). The Energy drink classification keeps on developing at pace with brand expansions and new participants to the market rising each year. This speaks to both a test and an open door for the category’s driving brands. (Source: Nielsen esteem share information, MAT to December 27th 2006). Since its dispatch, Lucozade has been the market head in the Energy drink class with just shy of 60% worth portion of the classification. Key contenders incorporate Red Bull and PowerAde with 27% and 4. 5% esteem share separately. 2003 likewise saw the presentation of a few Private Label game and caffeinated drink dispatches from the significant food merchants. The remainder of the market is made up with a plenty of littler brands, prevalently working in the energizer drinks segment, and appropriated by means of the Impulse channel and the on-exchange condition. | |Red Bull |Solstis |Lucozade Original Energy |Purdeys |Red Devil |Feelfine |Tesco Kick | |Average cost |? . 96 |? 0. 90 |? 0. 75 |? 0. 70 |? 0. 90 |? 1. 09 |? 0. 48p | |Pack size |250ml |380ml |330ml |250ml | Section 3: Strategic Marketing Plan 3. 1 PEST Analysis of Red Bull |POLITICAL |If Government forces wellbeing and security limitations on the measure of caffeinated drinks that should| | |be devoured, it would influence the measure of caffeinated drinks that are purchased. | |If Government present import/send out charges on the caffeinated drinks showcas e, it might increment/| |decrease the measure of caffeinated drinks that are imported and sent out. | |ECONOMIC |Inflation would build the cost of beverages and simultaneously, consumers’ genuine expendable | |income will decrease. In this manner, buyers are probably going to purchase less caffeinated drinks, as they are not | |necessities. |SOCIETAL |If organization chooses to dispatch its item in another nation, its expenses may ascend, as it will have | |to produce distinctive language names. | |As the number of inhabitants in young people increment, caffeinated drinks organizations may see an expansion in the amount| | |of drinks sold. | |TECHNOLOGICAL |More hello there tech innovation may empower organizations to create more beverages at a less expensive expense and at | |the same time improving the nature of the bundling. | |Companies can utilize the Internet to help publicize and advance its items. It can likewise sell | |large amounts of its item immediate to its purc hasers. It is another approach to speak with | |consumers I. e. modest and effective statistical surveying strategy. | 3. 2 SWOT Analysis of Red Bull Strengths 1. Red Bull is a pioneer in the ever-developing specialty market of caffeinated drinks. 2. The brand has a solid footbold in significant markets, for example, Germany and UK and all the more as of late, (since 2002), the immense US showcase. 3. Red Bull has a dispersion concurrence with Cadbury Schweppes; this is certain for additional universal extension of the brand. 4. Its system of worldwide auxiliaries are very much evolved and will help the organization to viably move items all through the globe. Shortcomings 1. Since Red Bull is a privately owned business, it has not very many sources to produce capital for global development and inner extension in examination with its open rivalry. . Red Bull has an absence of broadening in its beverages, in spite of the fact that it released its without sugar form in 2003. Thus, the organization is ‘missing out’ on potential benefits that exist in other soda pop sub parts. 3. Red Bull firm spotlight on caffeinated drinks, and henceforth, if there were to be a drop sought after later on, it would be left profoundly pow erless. Openings 1. Red Bull is still a serious new item in the developing useful beverages showcase, which leaves a great deal of space for improvement in significant markets (eg: UK and US) 2. Development of Red Bull’s unique line may assist with reinforcing its client base (eg: as was seen with the arrival of Red Bull Sugarfree in 2003) 3. The improvement of a useful beverage is a chance. Since Red Bull is ordinarily devoured before cooperation in a game, the organization could make an apre-sport, hydrating drink that likewise renewed vitamis and minerals lost from physical effort. 4. Continuation of its custom of entering new markets through the procedure of on-exchange, has potential on a worldwide level. Dangers 1. Numerous ‘copycat’ caffeinated beverages, for example, Mad Bull and Red Devil take steps to take brand share from Red Bull. Despite the fact that the organization has won most claims, case is costly and the harms stay undisclosed. 2. Red Bull’s deals are compromised by the proceeded into the beverages advertise by key beverage players, for example, Coca-Cola with its Powerade image. 3. Since Red Bull is high In caffeine substance and energizer taurine, it is dependent upon guideline, for example, notice names on jars which the EU forced in 2002. Besides, the beverage has been liable to negative press. For instance, in Ireland, It was connected to the demise of an understudy (1999) and a homicide case (2001). 4. Numerous little administrators likewise go about as a danger since they have a high ‘cool’ esteem among more youthful shoppers with whom caffeinated drinks are famous. 3. 3 Market Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning Here, the ideas of market division, focusing on and situating are vital to the achievement of firms’ advertising endeavors. Kotler and Armstrong (2004) give a helpful definition: â€Å"Dividing a market into particular gatherings with unmistakable necessities, qualities, or conduct who may require separate items or promoting blends (239). Division is significant on the grounds that organizations can't speak to all clients without a moment's delay, particularly not with a similar contribution. Or maybe, firms need to structure items and administrations that fit with specific gatherings of people. Firms can fragment their market in various manners, including geological, segment, psychographic and social division. Kotler and Armstrong (2004: 239-244) give helpful definitions: Geographic division: â€Å"Dividing a market into various topographical units, for example, countries, states, locales, nations, urban communities, or neighbourhoods†; Demographic division: â€Å"Dividing the market into bunches dependent on segment factors, for example, age, sex, family size, family life cycle, pay, occupation, training, religion, race, age, and nationality†; Psychographic division: â€Å"Dividing a market into various gatherings dependent on social class, way of life, or character characteristics†; and Behavioral division: â€Å"Dividing a market into bunches dependent on shopper information, attit

Their Eyes Were Watching God - Rebirth of Transcendentalism Essay Example for Free

Their Eyes Were Watching God Rebirth of Transcendentalism Essay A century slipped by between the time of introspective philosophy and the distribution of Zora Neale Hurston’s tale, Their Eyes Were Watching God. During this time, the methods of reasoning of Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau blurred as the post-war period of social authenticity started to rule American culture and American writing. In this way, Their Eyes, distributed in 1937, was despised and condemned by numerous individuals for not being â€Å"political or serious† enough. It was not until twenty years after Hurston’s passing that individuals started to acknowledge Hurston’s works, particularly Their Eyes, as significant writings in the African American and the American women's activist developments. With further examination, in spite of the fact that Their Eyes is a cutting edge novel, it really returns the perusers to the time of Thoreau and Emerson; Their Eyes Were Watching God has components of introspective philosophy †confidence, dissention, and the over-soul †as upheld by the papers of visionary masterminds. To start, an essential thought of introspective philosophy is confidence, which focuses on a person’s own judgment and instinct. Janie, the hero of Their Eyes, shows independence when she utilizes her own decisions for the battles she faces. For instance, as she understands that her marriage with Jody is tumbling down, â€Å"she saw that it never was the fragile living creature and blood figure she had always wanted. Simply something she had gotten up to wrap her fantasies over. [†¦] She had an inside and an outside now and abruptly she knew how not to blend them† (Hurston, 72). Janie knows her objectives and wants, both are which broken by Jody, so she should now recognize the contrast between the untruths and reality of her fantasy. Along with fearlessness, her instinct invigorates her the to talk up to Jody on his demise bed. In addition, when she at last finds the adoration for her life, she feels â€Å"a self-squashing love, [allowing] her spirit [to] creep from its stowing away place† (Hurston, 128). She doesn’t conceal her sentiments however goes to seek after her darling, Tea Cake. She is solid will and has power over her emotions and contemplations. Indeed, even Tea Cake urges Janie to utilize her own psyche, â€Å"‘Nobody else on earth family hold uh flame tuh you, child. You got de keys to de kingdom’† (Hurston, 109). As Emerson would state that Janie has visionary beliefs in light of the fact that, â€Å"[She has the] trustworthiness of [her] own psyche [†¦] What [she] must do is every one of that worries [her], not what the individuals think† (Emerson, 80). Her past encounters and her current decisions lead Janie to creator her own way later on. Just when Janie depends on herself and holds her â€Å"keys to de kingdom† does she discover her bliss and contact her fantasy. Moreover, another component of introspective philosophy is dissention, or independence, which focuses on the significance of finding one’s personality as opposed to yielding to society. Emerson clarifies rebelliousness as â€Å"the extraordinary man who amidst the group keeps with flawless pleasantness the freedom of isolation (Emerson 80). Janie shows precisely this on the day she shows up back in Eatonville. Wearing her blue glossy silk dress, she certainly strolls past the ladies and men, disregarding their pernicious tattles and leaving them in stunningness. Regardless of her isolation because of Tea Cake’s passing, Janie invites her autonomy; she is consummately quiet with herself. Additionally, Thoreau likewise expounds on individuality; he composes, â€Å"The just commitment which I reserve an option to accept that is to do whenever what I think right [†¦] They just can compel me who comply with a higher law than I† (Thoreau, 104). Janie shares Thoreau’s disposition when she confronts both of her late spouses and proclaims what she accepts is correct. Logan discloses to her that she doesn’t have a place anyplace yet â€Å"‘It’s any place Ah need yuh’† (Hurston, 31). This is most likely the most noticeably terrible thing he can say to his love bird; it’s destructive, defaming, and ill bred. Notwithstanding, in contrast to the various ladies, for example, Nanny, during the time, Janie goes to bat for herself by shouting back at his wrongs so she can restore her autonomy and poise. With respect to Jody †a spouse who makes her tie her hair back, precludes her from claiming discourse and social cooperation, and misuses her †Janie at last takes up the mental fortitude to come clean at his deathbed. â€Å"‘All dis bowin’ down, all dis dutifulness under yo’ voiceâ€dat ain’t whut Ah surged off down de street tuh get some answers concerning you’† (Hurston, 86). Jody has squashed her deepest desires and her picture of adoration, and she’s not going to let him overlook that. She would not comply; she has no commitment to comply. After Jody’s passing, Janie is at long last free. Much more, she feels no regret and she doesn’t grieve in light of the fact that the lost of her significant other gives her back her distinction. To wrap things up, the over-soul is another point of convergence of introspective philosophy; it interfaces God, Nature, and Man. Emerson writes in his article, Over-soul, â€Å"We live in progression, in division, in parts, in particles. Interim inside man is the spirit of the entire; the shrewd quietness; the widespread magnificence, to which each part and molecule is similarly related; the everlasting One† (Emerson, Over-soul). This over-soul interfaces the messed up bits of the universe together. Hurston’s Their Eyes contains numerous subtleties that help the over-soul. For example, before all else Janie â€Å"saw a residue bearing honey bee sink into the sanctum of a sprout; the thousand sister-calyxes curve to meet the affection grasp and the happy shudder of the tree structure root to most minor branch creaming in each bloom and foaming with delight† (Hurston, 11). This symbolism of the honey bee and the blossom represents Janie’s dream. The honey bee and the blossom existed together in congruity, much the same as what Janie trusts her marriage will be. This is Janie’s blameless soul as portrayed essentially. Later on notwithstanding, as she’s constrained into wedding a man she doesn’t love, she starts to know â€Å"the expressions of the trees and the breeze. She frequently addressed falling seeds and stated, ‘Ah trust you fall on delicate ground’ [†¦] Janie’s first dream was dead, so she turned into a woman† (Hurston 25). As she develops more, she likewise starts to comprehend the sound of nature. Nature and Janie’s spirits have all the earmarks of being one, joined together and becoming together. She converses with the seeds, notice them, identifying with them of a world that can be disillusioning and out of line. At long last, after she shoots her adored Tea Cake so as to secure herself, Hurston composes that Janie â€Å"pulled in her viewpoint like an extraordinary fish-net. Pulled it from around the abdomen of the world and hung it behind her. Such a large amount of life in its cross sections! She brought in her spirit to come and see† (Hurston, 193). In spite of the fact that it was a terrible and unexpected demise, Janie is in harmony. The affection for Tea Cake won't be overlooked in light of the fact that he will consistently be with her. Janie now comprehends the riddles of nature and her reality; she is prepared for whatever that may come. Janie has learned and developed, in particular, she has discovered her spirit. All things considered, after a century, Their Eyes Were Watching God prompts the resurrection of visionary thoughts, including yet not constrained to confidence, rebelliousness, and the over-soul. All through her excursion, Janie starts to distinguish herself as an independent individual with a spirit, which are all supernatural attributes. In the mid 1900s, in view of the on going social equality developments, an African American lady is the least anticipated that individual should forces every one of these characteristics. All things considered, Janie Crawford turns into a conspicuous writing figure that gives individuals expectations and dreams, while satisfying those of Emerson and Thoreau. Catalog Emerson, Ralph Waldo. From Self-Reliance. The InterActive Reader Plus. Illinoise: McDougal Littell, 2003. 78-83. Print. Ferguson, Craig. Ralph Waldo Emerson †Within Man Is the Soul of the Whole; the Wise Silence; the Universal Beauty Transcendental MeditationBlog. N. p. , 27 Mar. 2010. Web. 05 Aug. 2013. . Hurston, Zora Neale. Their Eyes Were Watching God: A Novel. New York: Perennial Library, 1990. Print. Thoreau, Hentry David. From Civil Disobedience. The InterActive Reader Plus. Illinoise: McDougal Littell, 2003. 90-105. Print.

Marbury v. Madison APUSH Topics to Study for Test Day

There are some Supreme Court cases that you should just know because they are important; they have some impact on U.S. policy or they expand rights dramatically. In many ways, though, Marbury v. Madison tops those cases because, without this case, the Supreme Court would not be the Supreme Court we know (and love?) today. Before you start reading, though, full disclosure: I’m a pretty big Supreme Court dork. 🙂 Read on to learn about Marbury v. Madison APUSH topics. What is Marbury v. Madison all about? It’s an old tale of political rivalries and backstabbing (if you’ve seen or heard Hamilton – or even watched the news recently – you know what I’m talking about). As you know as a student of U.S. history, John Adams was not a particularly popular President. He served one term and was pretty unaccomplished at that (with Alexander Hamilton as your rival, it’s no small surprise he wasn’t able to get much done!). But as he left the Presidential office – an apocryphal story says that it was literally as he was leaving the office and Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, was coming in – Adams made many political appointments, trying to secure his own party’s place in the bureaucratic offices. One of these appointments included William Marbury, who was supposed to serve as a justice of the peace for the District of Columbia. Adams thought he had stuck it to Jefferson. â€Å"Sure, dude,† Adams probably thought to himself, â€Å"Go ahead and take my office. But I’m going to make your job so hard with all of my political appointees in important roles.† But Jefferson’s Secretary of State, James Madison, refused to deliver Marburys commission papers. (Remember, at that time, someone had to literally hand you your papers to give your claims to a government position any credibility.) Jefferson’s administration just didn’t do this with Marbury’s commission papers; they were refusing to deliver commission papers all over the place. So, Marbury and three other scorned political appointees sued Madison for the commissions; this case would be known as Marbury v. Madison. OK, so what happened in Marbury v. Madison? Things get complicated here. I thoroughly recommend that you listen to the podcast episode called â€Å"Kittens Kick the Giggly Blue Robot All Summer† from RadioLab’s More Perfect podcast. Public domain painting of John Marshall (Source) The big idea here is that, in 1803, Chief Justice John Marshall refused to decide the issue. According to the Court’s reasoning (written in a majority opinion by Marshall), the Constitution did not give the Supreme Court authority to solve this issue. It was really quite an elegant decision. In the short term, Marshall was saying that the Supreme Court was limited in its decision-making ability. (After all, their decision in this case was basically that they couldn’t make a decision in this case, because they didn’t have the authority.) But the long-term effects were that the Court had the authority to interpret whether or not something was Constitutional. (Source) Did your brain just explode?! Because that is incredible. THE SUPREME COURT HAS THE ABILITY TO DETERMINE WHETHER OR NOT SOMETHING IS CONSTITUTIONAL. Marshall, Supreme Court: 1 Adams, Marbury, co: 0 OK, OK. Why does Marbury v. Madison matter so much?! I thought you’d never ask. First check out this concept of Judicial Review, as explained by History Illustrated: The concept that the Supreme Court can determine whether or not a law is constitutional is called Judicial Review, and it has huge implications for U.S. history. The Supreme Court is an ultimate check on power. Furthermore, it is one of those sweet pieces of historical irony that brings judicial review into being. It’s only through a political moveMarshall, a Federalist, wanted Jefferson to know that his party did not have unfettered control to do as they wishedthat the Supreme Court came to be seen as apolitical for most of its history. Jefferson recognized the importance of Marshall’s move when he stated that the Court could make the Constitution â€Å"a mere thing of wax in the hands of the judiciary, which they may twist and shape into any form they please. What is an example Marbury v. Madison APUSH question? The following Marbury v. Madison APUSH question comes from this quiz source. â€Å"So if a law be in opposition to the constitution; if both the law and the constitution apply to a particular case, so that the court must either decide that case conformably to the law, disregarding the constitution; or conformably to the constitution, disregarding the law; the court must determine which of these conflicting rules governs the case. This is of the very essence of judicial duty.† Which of the following statements accurately summarizes the concept of judicial review, as established by Marbury v. Madison? A. The Supreme Court should review laws that conflict with the Constitution but cannot declare a law is unconstitutional. B. When the law and Constitution conflict, it is impossible to know which takes precedent. C. When the law and Constitution conflict, the Supreme Court will always rule in favor of the law. D. The Supreme Court should review laws that conflict with the Constitution and can strike down a law as unconstitutional. Answer: The correct answer to this Marbury v Madison APUSH question is D. This is the process of judicial review.

Analysis Of The Poem Barn Burning - 1617 Words

Burn the woman Murakami Haruki, a well-known Japanese writer, is famous for Norwegian Wood. He also writes other excellent literary works, like The elephant vanishes, Kafka on the Shore. He not only creates novels, also writes good short stories. Barn burning is a good example that reflects Murakami’s style and his concerns about the people, who live on the fringe of society. In this story, the barn actually is a metaphor. It represents a woman. Burning barns means killing the woman. There are only three characters in the Barn burning, the narrator, a lonely woman and her rich, mysterious boyfriend. The narrator met a woman and sometimes had a meal with her. They were not real friends; didn’t know each other very well. The woman went back to Japan with her rich boyfriend after staying in Thuis for three months. When three people had a small party, the boyfriend told the narrator he burned many barns in the past and would burn a barn near the narrator’s house. After investigation, the narrator didn’t find any barns disappeared, although the boyfriend told him he indeed burned a barn. In the end, the woman disappeared. There are a few questions. Is there any underlying meaning of the barns? What did the boyfriend mean by burning barns? Did the boyfriend actually kill the woman or the woman just disappeared literally? As far as I am concerned, the barns represent the lonely woman and a group of people, who live a life like the woman. Burning bar ns means kill the woman. I’dShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Gwen Harwood s The Violets 1450 Words   |  6 Pagestechniques displayed through the ideas, poetic features and style of the poet, reveal concepts which transcend time and place. In Gwen Harwood’s poem â€Å"the violets† her ability to interweave past and present emphasises the importance of memory in preserving ones journey though the universal experiences of growth, maturity and mortality. Similarly the poem â€Å"Mother who gave me life† demonstrates the memory of motherhood as a timeless quintessential part of the human condition. And lastly In Harwood’sRead MoreFemale Characters In Othello Essay812 Words   |  4 Pagesfires? What quotes can you use to support your theory? Judging from the clues from the story we can guess that Abner starts fires because of his hatred against the rich land owners that he works for. While he is just one man he knows that by burning barns down would hurt the land owner a lot. This gives power to Abner against the wealthy land owner that he otherwise did not have. 3. How does being limited to the narrators point of view affect our reading of Everyday Use ? What would the storyRead MoreInstallation Art And Its Impact On Art2857 Words   |  12 Pages Skinned House, Sound House, and Poem House in Detroit Michigan, USA, 2001. The artists were motivated to transform the landscape of a neighborhood that was once plagued with crime and crack houses, but were replaced by abandoned homes. The transformation was a political and artistic statement. Art was used as a movement, in the form of installation art. â€Å"As the hoes were razed, residents turned vacant lots into fields and gardens, and crack houses became barns.† 3 Hay House, was covered with threeRead MoreSummary : Tigress 10460 Words   |  42 Pagesremains were found in northwest China, suggesting the origins of the tiger lineage The tiger s closest living relatives were previously thought to be the lion, leopard and jaguar, all of which are classified under the genus Panthera. A 2010 genetic analysis shows the tiger began evolving 3.2 million years ago, and it may be more closely related to the snow leopard than to the other Panthera species.[9][10] The oldest remains of an extinct tiger relative, called Panthera zdanskyi or the Longdan tigerRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pageslooking at alternative actions that can be taken, then considering the probable good consequences of each action and the probable bad consequences while weighing the positive and negative impact of each consequence. It’s a kind of cost-benefit analysis. Exercises 1. Columbus Day is an American holiday. Write a short essay that weighs the pros and cons and then comes to a decision about whether there should be more or less public celebration (by Americans and their institutions) on Columbus

Characteristics Of The Ideal Leader - 901 Words

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To effectively lead Starcorp Industries, a leader should use servant leadership style in gettingRead MoreIdeal Characteristics of Platos Guardians1404 Words   |  6 PagesIdeal Characteristics of Plato’s Guardians The characterisitics of the ideal guardian is summarized in those words by Socrates in the second book of the Republic : â€Å"[H]e who is to be a really good and noble guardian of the State will require to unite in himself philosophy and spirit and swiftness and strength. . .† Swiftness and strength is deemed necessary as the guardian is to be like a well-bred watchdog, who ought to be â€Å"quick to see, and swift to overtake the enemy when they see him, and strongRead MoreIdeal Characteristics of Platos Guardians1393 Words   |  6 PagesIdeal Characteristics of Plato’s Guardians The characterisitics of the ideal guardian is summarized in those words by Socrates in the second book of the Republic : â€Å"[H]e who is to be a really good and noble guardian of the State will require to unite in himself philosophy and spirit and swiftness and strength. . .† Swiftness and strength is deemed necessary as the guardian is to be like a well-bred watchdog, who ought to be â€Å"quick to see, and swift to overtake the enemy when they see him, and strong

Meningitis Is An Infectious Disease Example For Students

Meningitis Is An Infectious Disease Every year, approximately 600 to 1,000 people are diagnosed from meningococcal disease in the U.S, and only 15 percent die of people who get meningitis (Statistics). However, after surviving from meningococcal disease, patients have high risks that they will have to live with permanent disabilities. Nowadays, meningitis becomes a rare condition in the U.S. because of the improvement of the vaccine. Comparing to the United States, many other countries in the world are still struggling with meningococcal disease. For instance, WHO reported a meningitis outbreak, which killed 545 people out of 8,234 meningitis patients in Nigeria (Reuters). Meningitis is an infectious disease that can spread through airborne droplets, so an outbreak from meningitis can turn out quickly to be an epidemic if the governments don’t get action. Also, many people have been mistaken the symptoms of meningitis with flu and haven’t got vaccinate for meningitis. Therefore, the most important concern is how to raise awareness among people to get vaccinate because meningococcal disease can easily spread out, especially in young ages from 11 to 24. In general, meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Vieusseux, a Swiss physician, first discovered meningitis in 1805 during an outbreak in Switzerland. This disease is mostly caused by a viral infection, but the cause may also be a bacterial infection or fungal infection. The bacterial meningitis is the most serious illness because this disease occurs quickly and can cause death in a short period of time. Bacteria get into the body by bloodstream, begin in the ears, sinuses, or upper respiratory tract, and travel to the brain and spinal cord. There are several bacteria that can cause bacterial meningitis. The most common bacteria that cause meningitis in older children and adult include Neisseria meningitides and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Neisseria meningitides appears in the upper respiratory tract of the body. This bacterium is mainly transmittable throughout teenagers or young adult, so many students from colleges or high schools can be the targets. On June 1st, University of Oregon confirmed seven cases of meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitides. When the other six cases were students, the seventh case was a 52 father visiting his daughter on campus. After 6 weeks from his last visit, the father contracted to the meningococcal disease because of his deadly bloodstream infection (Ravis). Streptococcus affects the ears and sinus, so many people mistaken that they only have flu when they are diagnosed with meningitis. Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (Hib), and Listeria monocytogenes are usually the causes of meningitis in newborn babies. Recently, the new Hib vaccines has been created and become a part of the routine childhood immunization schedule. In UK, the meningitis B is also the risk for infants. The government has accepted the Men B vaccine as a part of routine immunization for babies at two, four, and twelve months old (Gallagher). Gallagher, a health editor in BBC News, states that â€Å"campaigners said it could prevent up to 4,000 cases by 2025†. The bacterial infection is dangerous because the bacteria can develop rapidly inside the patients’ bodies and spread from person to person through coughing and sneezing. A person with weak immune system can get bacterial meningitis by simply breathing the air where a person with meningitis has been. Some bacteria can spread through close contacts such as kissing. Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli are two pathogens caused food poisoning, so people may get meningitis if they eat contaminated food. In the article â€Å"How An Alleged Blue Bell Listeria Victim Says the Illness Changed His Life Forever†, Sydney Lupkin writes a news about David â€Å"Phil† Schokley, a victim of the Blue Bell Ice Cream outbreak. Major Issues discussed by Indus Khamit-Kush EssayAfter doing research about meningitis, I am surprised that meningococcal disease is a rare case in the United States and not a lot of people are diagnosed with meningitis every year. In Vietnam, there are still a lot of people have to suffer with meningitis, especially tuberculosis meningitis. I had an opportunity to internship in the Hospital of Tropical Diseases in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam during this summer. I saw that not only patients suffer with the disease, but also the family member struggle with treatment fees. I supported in the project called â€Å"Beyond The Hospital† for meningitis patients. Our team interviewed many people including physician, people who are recovery from meningitis, or family member of the patients to figure a health information package for patients and their family. The project gave me quite amount of knowledge about the meningitis disease. As a prospective public health, I think that it is important to raise awareness among people about getting vaccinated for meningitis and support the patients after their discharging from the hospital. Vaccine for meningitis is available, but not a lot of people are aware of its importance. The responsibility of the public health is applying the knowledge about preventing disease in the early stage and living healthy to the community. It is always better to have a good prevention than to have an expensive treatment. The unfortunately meningitis outbreak will rarely happen if people know how to protect their health by small actions such as having good hygiene, washing hands, and staying healthy. A good life choice affects a lot in people’s health condition. Understanding about meningitis helps me clarify the duties of a public health specialist. Some diseases are treatable, but the bad life choices lead the patient to be ill. Once the disease releases, it not only make the life of the patient worse, but also increase the risk of people’s health in a community. As a public health, I should help people to recognize the importance of prevention.

Socrates by Aristophanes and Plato

Various issues concerning Socrates’ life have been debated constantly over the years. However, the fact that Socrates was an ancient philosopher who resided in Athens is not in doubt. Socrates was a common fixture in the streets of Athens between 470 and 399 BC.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Socrates by Aristophanes and Plato specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The mysteries surrounding Socrates’ life are often compounded by the fact that he never wrote any biographical works of literature. Most of the philosopher’s teachings have been introduced to the modern readers through proxies such as Plato, Aristophanes, and Xenophon. The people who have written about Socrates are mostly his close acquaintances as well as his former disciples. When Socrates was executed in Athens, several literary works that focused on ‘Socrates the man’ and ‘Socrates the Philosopher’ surfaced . The compounded interest in Socrates’ life prompted two authors to try to explain their understanding of this man. Plato, a renowned philosopher and a former student of Socrates’ philosophy wrote several works on the life and teachings of the philosopher. Furthermore, Aristophanes a renowned playwright and comedian wrote several accounts of how he perceived Socrates. The depictions of the two authors do not coincide or give a clear picture of the man that Socrates was. Plato’s depiction contains several philosophical undertones and depicts Socrates as a man of deep thought and enviable temperament. On the other hand, Aristophanes paints the picture of a laughable Socrates who thinks highly of himself and disregards the ordinary life. The most vivid characterization of Socrates by Plato is contained in â€Å"The Apology†, a philosophical account that was written shortly after the execution of Socrates.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let' s see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Aristophanes’ comical characterization of Socrates can be found in â€Å"The Clouds† a play that depicted the philosopher as a man who resides in the clouds where his students look up to him from below. The different characterizations given to Socrates by Plato the philosopher and Aristophanes the comedian can be combined to create a complex and a multisided portrait of Socrates. This paper will explore the characterizations of Socrates by Aristophanes and Plato in respect to their existing literary works. While comparing the characterization of Socrates by the two authors, it is important to note that they both personally associated with the philosopher at different times of his life. For instance, there was an age difference of about twenty years between Plato and Aristophanes. Consequently, Aristophanes’ characterizations of Socrates began when the philosopher was about forty-year s-old. On the other hand, Plato was in his twenties when Socrates was executed. The philosophical stance that is assumed by Plato in his depiction of Socrates is informed by the fact that as a young man, he looked up to the philosopher as an old man and a teacher. Aristophanes most likely associated with Socrates when the latter was beginning to gain public recognition within Athens. Socrates was an object of ridicule during his prime. For instance, the old men within Athens constantly accused Socrates of corrupting the young men within the town by introducing them to heretic teachings. Plato was a voluntary follower of Socrates and he admired the Socratic method of thinking. Available literature indicates that Plato abandoned a lucrative career as a playwright to pursue Socrates’ brand of philosophy. Aristophanes was a playwright who sought to align his works with popular opinions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Socrates by Aristophanes and Plato spec ifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, Aristophanes’ characterization of Socrates was most likely ‘due to public demand’. The intentions behind the actions of the two authors are a source of insight into how different demographics in Athens viewed Socrates. In â€Å"The Apology† by Plato, the characterization of Socrates is tied to the fact that the setting of the book was Socrates’ execution. Therefore, Plato’s characterization of Socrates is shrouded by the fact that he was sympathetic with his teacher’s plight. Nevertheless, Plato was physically present during Socrates’ trial and execution. Plato’s characterization of Socrates during the trial is complicated by several facts. First, Plato’s authorship has always been in defense of Socrates. For instance, â€Å"The Apology† was supposedly authored shortly after Socrates was executed. In â€Å"The Apologyâ € , the author is writing about Socrates when he is defending himself in front of a jury. Socrates had been charged by the Athenian court after Meletus claimed that the philosopher disregarded the city’s gods and corrupted the young men with his wayward teachings. Plato was one of the young men that Socrates was supposed to have corrupted. Consequently, it is difficult to ascertain if Plato’s worldview was actually ‘corrupted’ by Socrates. Nevertheless, it is apparent that Plato looked up to Socrates as a teacher and mentor. Plato’s characterization of Socrates as outlined in â€Å"The Apology† paints the picture of a falsely accused citizen who remains true to his teachings until the end. Plato’s ability to report accurately about Socrates’ execution is only redeemed by the fact that he later became a philosopher of repute. Aristophanes’ characterization of Plato is never subject to a direct connection between the two personalities. Aristophanes knew Plato from possible acquaintances and public observations. Socrates was a constant fixture in the public arena. In the public arenas, Socrates had both admirers and critics. It is clear that Aristophanes’ characterization of the philosopher was meant to please the critics.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Socrates is a philosopher of repute as he is portrayed by Plato’s literature and ‘Aristotle the self-serving cynic’ is the idea created by Aristophanes in his plays. Both of these characterizations are a product of people who knew Socrates from various perspectives. Both Plato and Aristophanes’ characterizations of Socrates focus on several aspects of the philosopher’s interactions. However, Aristophanes’ characterization of Socrates is centered on how the philosopher interacted with his students. In his play â€Å"Phrontisterion†, Aristophanes depicts Socrates as the principal of a school. When translated, ‘Phrontisterion’ means ‘school of false logic’. In this play, Socrates’ character promises to teach his students how to win arguments of any kind. Aristophanes adds a comical element to Socrates’ characterization by depicting a philosopher who is teaching while he is placed in a basket and is elevated in front of his students. Aristophanes’ characterization of Socrates does not ascertain or nullify the validity of the philosopher’s teachings. The playwright only focuses on the fact that the philosopher thinks highly of himself and he has no significant regard for his students. Plato’s characterization of Socrates shows the philosopher interacting with his students on a more complex level. For example, Plato’s publications contain various instances where Socrates is posing questions to his students. Unlike in Aristophanes’ characterizations, the dialogues between Socrates and his students are not one sided. In addition, Plato characterizes Socrates as a man who is worthy of respect. However, Aristophanes is of the view that Socrates did anything to get glory for himself including teaching while he is hoisted on a basket and looking up to the heavens. The two authors’ characterizations are multifaceted although they depict the same aspect of Socrates’ life. The comedian does not concentrate on the deeper meanings of Socrates’ actions while Plato the philosopher depicts Socrates as a teacher who is worthy of respect. The presence of ulterior motives is a real concern when evaluating the different characterizations that are given to Socrates by both Aristophanes and Plato. For Plato, his outmost devotion and admiration towards Socrates might have been the reason behind the positive characterization of the philosopher. Plato’s most influential characterization of Socrates is â€Å"The Apology†. In â€Å"The Apology†, Plato appears to be penning a tribute to his teacher and mentor. Therefore, it is likely that there are several inconsistencies in Plato’s characterization of Socrates. For instance, in â€Å"The Apology†, Plato never attempts to portray Socrates’ defense. Plato only concentrates on Socrates’ dialogues when the latter is pleading for his innocence. Furthermore, Socrates never attempts to prove his innocence to the jury according to Plato. Of interest is the fact that Plato attempts to characterize Socrates as a man who never abandons his beliefs even in the face of death. Overall, Plato’s characterization of Socrates intended to portray the philosopher as having willpower that is stronger than that of most people. Further investigation into Plato’s depiction of Socrates indicates that the former might have exaggerated some of the characteristics that he assigns to his mentor. For instance, when Plato is depicting how Socrates died after taking hemlock, his depictions defy scientific evidence. According to credible scientific evidence, taking the poison hemlock makes an individual to develop a slurred speech, nausea, convulsions, and numbness. However, Plato depicted Socrates’ death as peaceful and dignified but this would be scientifically impossible. Aristophanes’ depiction of Socrates could also have hidden agendas. Aristophanes’ comical depiction of Socrates is in line with the playwright’s brand of comedy. Aristophanes might have intended to please the audience with his blatant disregard of philosophy and philosophers. Socrates belonged to a select class of philosophers who had threatened the Greek institutions with their inquisitive methods of thinking. Aristophanes characterizes Socrates as ungodly and offensive but this characterization might be signifying the playwright’s views about all Greek philosophers of the time. Consequently, the characterizations of Socrates by both Aristophanes and Plato indicate that the philosopher was understood by the two authors differently. Aristophanes and the ordinary folks viewed Socrates as an unnecessarily addition in the Athenian society. On the other hand, Plato works very hard to indicate how Socrates rose above the wishes and desires of the ordinary citizens. The characterizations of Socrates by Plato and Aristophanes paint a complex and multi-sided portrait of the philosopher. On one side, Aristophanes uses his comical stance to appeal to his theatre crowds by presenting Socrates as a buffoon and ‘a know it all’ character. On the hand, Plato presents his readers with the character of a man who would not be moved under any circumstances. Nevertheless, both authors validate their modes of characterizations using their own contexts. There is also cause for concern that the characterization of Socrates is subject to the authors’ ulterior motives. This essay on Socrates by Aristophanes and Plato was written and submitted by user Helena P. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.